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US Inflation Rate by Year
The complete year-by-year history of US inflation, computed from the BLS Consumer Price Index annual averages — every rate from 1914 to the latest year, with the eras that shaped the average visible at a glance.
Short answer
US inflation has averaged close to 3% a year over the last century, but the average hides the story: double-digit spikes around the World Wars and the 1970s oil shocks, genuine deflation in the early 1930s and briefly in 2009, two remarkably calm decades from the 1990s, and the 2022 surge to 8% — the highest since 1981. The full table below has every year; the calculator turns any of them into today's dollars.
$100.00 in 2000 is worth, in 2025
$187.07
- Price multiplier
- 1.87×
- Average inflation over the span
- 2.5%/yr
About the numbers
Two ways to read the table: single years tell you what living through them felt like, while the calculator's average-rate figure tells you what a span did to money's value. Prices roughly double at 3% inflation every 24 years — which is why comparing salaries or house prices across decades without adjusting is meaningless.
US annual inflation rate, 1914–2025
| Year | Rate | Year | Rate |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1914 | 1.0% | 1970 | 5.7% |
| 1915 | 1.0% | 1971 | 4.4% |
| 1916 | 7.9% | 1972 | 3.2% |
| 1917 | 17.4% | 1973 | 6.2% |
| 1918 | 18.0% | 1974 | 11.0% |
| 1919 | 14.6% | 1975 | 9.1% |
| 1920 | 15.6% | 1976 | 5.8% |
| 1921 | -10.5% | 1977 | 6.5% |
| 1922 | -6.2% | 1978 | 7.6% |
| 1923 | 1.8% | 1979 | 11.3% |
| 1924 | 0.0% | 1980 | 13.5% |
| 1925 | 2.3% | 1981 | 10.3% |
| 1926 | 1.1% | 1982 | 6.2% |
| 1927 | -1.7% | 1983 | 3.2% |
| 1928 | -1.7% | 1984 | 4.3% |
| 1929 | 0.0% | 1985 | 3.6% |
| 1930 | -2.3% | 1986 | 1.9% |
| 1931 | -9.0% | 1987 | 3.6% |
| 1932 | -9.9% | 1988 | 4.1% |
| 1933 | -5.1% | 1989 | 4.8% |
| 1934 | 3.1% | 1990 | 5.4% |
| 1935 | 2.2% | 1991 | 4.2% |
| 1936 | 1.5% | 1992 | 3.0% |
| 1937 | 3.6% | 1993 | 3.0% |
| 1938 | -2.1% | 1994 | 2.6% |
| 1939 | -1.4% | 1995 | 2.8% |
| 1940 | 0.7% | 1996 | 3.0% |
| 1941 | 5.0% | 1997 | 2.3% |
| 1942 | 10.9% | 1998 | 1.6% |
| 1943 | 6.1% | 1999 | 2.2% |
| 1944 | 1.7% | 2000 | 3.4% |
| 1945 | 2.3% | 2001 | 2.9% |
| 1946 | 8.3% | 2002 | 1.6% |
| 1947 | 14.4% | 2003 | 2.3% |
| 1948 | 8.1% | 2004 | 2.7% |
| 1949 | -1.2% | 2005 | 3.4% |
| 1950 | 1.3% | 2006 | 3.2% |
| 1951 | 7.9% | 2007 | 2.9% |
| 1952 | 1.9% | 2008 | 3.8% |
| 1953 | 0.8% | 2009 | -0.4% |
| 1954 | 0.8% | 2010 | 1.6% |
| 1955 | -0.4% | 2011 | 3.2% |
| 1956 | 1.5% | 2012 | 2.1% |
| 1957 | 3.3% | 2013 | 1.5% |
| 1958 | 2.9% | 2014 | 1.6% |
| 1959 | 0.7% | 2015 | 0.1% |
| 1960 | 1.7% | 2016 | 1.3% |
| 1961 | 1.0% | 2017 | 2.1% |
| 1962 | 1.0% | 2018 | 2.4% |
| 1963 | 1.3% | 2019 | 1.8% |
| 1964 | 1.3% | 2020 | 1.2% |
| 1965 | 1.6% | 2021 | 4.7% |
| 1966 | 2.9% | 2022 | 8.0% |
| 1967 | 3.1% | 2023 | 4.1% |
| 1968 | 4.2% | 2024 | 3.0% |
| 1969 | 5.5% | 2025 | 2.7% |
Year-over-year change in the BLS CPI-U annual average. Negative values are deflation years.
What $100 from past years is worth in 2025 dollars
| Year | $100 then, in 2025 dollars | Average inflation since |
|---|---|---|
| 1950 | $1,336.65 | 3.5%/yr |
| 1960 | $1,088.28 | 3.7%/yr |
| 1970 | $830.24 | 3.9%/yr |
| 1980 | $390.94 | 3.1%/yr |
| 1990 | $246.47 | 2.6%/yr |
| 2000 | $187.07 | 2.5%/yr |
| 2005 | $164.94 | 2.5%/yr |
| 2010 | $147.73 | 2.6%/yr |
| 2015 | $135.91 | 3.1%/yr |
| 2020 | $124.47 | 4.5%/yr |
Computed from BLS CPI-U annual averages. CPI measures a consumption basket — individual categories (housing, college, medical care) have moved very differently.
US annual inflation rate, last 10 years
| Year | Inflation rate |
|---|---|
| 2016 | 1.3% |
| 2017 | 2.1% |
| 2018 | 2.4% |
| 2019 | 1.8% |
| 2020 | 1.2% |
| 2021 | 4.7% |
| 2022 | 8.0% |
| 2023 | 4.1% |
| 2024 | 3.0% |
| 2025 | 2.7% |
Year-over-year change in the CPI-U annual average. The full series back to 1914 is on the rates page.
How we calculate this
Straight ratios of the official Consumer Price Index:
- Value conversion. amount × (CPI in the target year ÷ CPI in the source year). The same formula works forward or backward in time.
- Annual inflation rate. each calendar year's rate is that year's CPI annual average ÷ the previous year's, minus 1.
- Average over a span. the geometric mean — (CPI ratio)^(1/years) − 1 — so the average compounds back to exactly the observed change.
Assumptions
- CPI-U annual averages (1982–84 = 100), the headline urban-consumer index; monthly precision is not modelled.
- The latest year is the most recent complete annual average — the BLS publishes each year's figure the following January.
- CPI tracks a broad consumption basket; specific categories (rent, tuition, medical care, tech) inflate at very different rates.
- Historical CPI before 1978 is the BLS's reconstructed continuation of the series; it is the standard used by every inflation calculator.
Sources
Last reviewed: July 22, 2026
Frequently asked questions
How is inflation calculated between two years?+
By the ratio of the Consumer Price Index: value in target-year dollars = amount × (CPI of target year ÷ CPI of source year). The CPI is the Bureau of Labor Statistics' measure of what a typical urban consumption basket costs, published monthly and averaged per year. This calculator uses those official annual averages back to 1913, the first year of the series.
What is $100 in 1980 worth today?+
Roughly $390 in today's dollars — prices are almost four times higher than in 1980, an average of about 3% inflation a year compounded over four decades. The per-year pages on this site show the same conversion for 1950 through 2020, and the calculator converts any amount between any two years.
What has the average US inflation rate been?+
About 3% a year over the last century, but with huge variation: double-digit years around the World Wars and the 1970s oil shocks (peaking over 13% in 1980), actual deflation in the early 1930s and briefly in 2009, a calm 1–3% from the mid-1990s through 2020, then the 2022 spike to 8% — the highest since 1981. At 3% a year, prices double roughly every 24 years.
Why does my personal inflation feel higher than the CPI?+
Because the CPI is a weighted average of everything urban consumers buy, and nobody buys the average basket. If your spending skews toward rent, childcare, education, or medical care — categories that have outrun headline CPI for decades — your personal rate is genuinely higher; heavy spenders on electronics and clothing have seen the opposite. The CPI is the right tool for comparing dollars across time, not for auditing your grocery bill.
Can I convert today's dollars back to a past year?+
Yes — the same CPI ratio works in both directions, so the calculator happily deflates modern amounts: today's $100 is equivalent to about $12 in 1970 buying power. Backward conversion is what makes old salaries, house prices and movie tickets comparable: a $30,000 salary in 1990 corresponds to roughly $74,000 today.
How current is the data, and where does it come from?+
The series is the BLS CPI-U annual average for every year from 1913 through the most recent complete year, exactly as published (1982–84 = 100 base). The BLS finalizes each year's annual average in mid-January of the following year, and this tool is updated when that lands. Monthly-level precision — 'January 1990 to March 2020' — is deliberately out of scope; annual averages are the standard for value comparisons.
Also try the Inflation Calculator.